Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Income Taxes

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Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The following table includes the Company’s loss before income tax provision, income tax provision and effective tax rate:
  Three Months Ended
  March 31,
  2023 2022
(in thousands, except for effective tax rate)
Loss before income tax provision $ (18,992) $ (12,688)
Income tax provision $ 23,769  $ 2,020 
Effective tax rate (125.2) % (15.9) %

Under ASC 740-270-25, the Company is required to report income tax expense by applying a projected AETR to ordinary pre-tax book income for the interim period. The tax impact of discrete items is accounted for separately in the period in which they occur. The ETR for the quarter is the result of the projected AETR applied to actual pre-tax book income plus discrete items as a percentage of pre-tax book income. Therefore, a change in pre-tax book income, either forecasted or actual year-to-date, from one period to the next will cause the ETR to change.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the increase in the valuation allowance the Company has placed on a portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets which includes the impact of IRC Section 174, permanent book-tax differences, uncertain tax positions and the impact of state and local taxes offset by federal and state R&D credits.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company's effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the increase in the valuation allowance the Company has placed on a portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets which includes the impact of IRC Section 174, permanent book-tax differences, the impact of state and local taxes offset by federal and state R&D credits and the windfall from stock-based compensation.

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

On August 16, 2022, the U.S. enacted the IRA, which, among other things, implements a 15% minimum tax on book income of certain large corporations and a 1% excise tax on net stock repurchases. The provisions of the IRA became effective beginning in 2023. The Company does not anticipate a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.