Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Income Taxes

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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The following table includes the Company’s income (loss) before income tax provision (benefit), income tax provision (benefit) and effective tax rate:
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  September 30, September 30,
  2021 2020 2021 2020
(in thousands, except for effective tax rate)
Income (loss) before income tax provision (benefit) $ 10,584  $ 2,820  $ 27,078  $ (10,499)
Income tax provision (benefit) (854) 497  9,074  (161)
Effective tax rate (8.1) % 17.6  % 33.5  % 1.5  %

Under ASC 740-270-25, the Company is required to report income tax expense by applying a projected annual effective tax rate (“AETR”) to ordinary pre-tax book income for the interim period. The tax impact of discrete items is accounted for separately in the period in which they occur. The effective tax rate (“ETR”) for the quarter is the result of the projected AETR applied to actual pre-tax book income plus discrete items as a percentage of actual pre-tax book income. Therefore, a change in pre-tax book income, either forecasted or actual year-to-date, from one period to the next will cause the ETR to change. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company’s ETR was impacted by the change in forecasted and actual year-to-date pre-tax book income.

For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the increase in forecasted book income for the year, the decrease in the valuation allowance the Company has placed on a portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets, including the valuation allowance impact of the Harvest acquisition, and the windfall from stock-based compensation.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the increase in the valuation allowance the Company has placed on a portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets, including the valuation allowance impact of the Harvest acquisition, permanent book-tax differences, and the impact of state and local taxes offset by federal and state research and development (“R&D”) credits.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the Company's effective tax rate differed from the statutory rate primarily due to the change in the valuation allowance the Company has placed on a portion of its U.S. deferred tax assets and the impact of state and local taxes, partially offset by the permanent book tax differences, the windfall from stock-based compensation, the impact of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") related to net operating loss ("NOL") carryback, and federal and state R&D credits.